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- Every New Car You Can Still Buy with a Manual Transmission
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- How Manual Transmissions Work | HowStuffWorks
Check car by VIN & get the vehicle history | CARFAX.Manual Transmission How to Drive a Stick Shift | Auto Simple
In most vehicles with a manual transmission, the driver selects gears by manipulating a lever called a gear stick also called a gearshift , gear lever or shifter.
In most automobiles, the gear stick is located on the floor between the driver and front passenger, but some cars have a gear stick that is mounted to the steering column or center console. The movement of the gear stick is transferred via solid linkages or cables to the selector forks within the transmission.
Motorcycles typically employ sequential manual transmissions , although the shift pattern is modified slightly for safety reasons. Gear selection is usually via the left-foot or, on older motorcycles; right-foot shift lever with a layout of 1—N—2—3—4—5—6. In the s, s, and s, fuel-efficient highway cruising with low engine speed was in some cases enabled on vehicles equipped with 3- or 4-speed transmissions by means of a separate overdrive unit in or behind the rear housing of the transmission.
This was actuated either manually while in high gear by throwing a switch or pressing a button on the gearshift knob or on the steering column, or automatically by momentarily lifting the foot from the accelerator with the vehicle traveling above a certain road speed.
Automatic overdrives were disengaged by flooring the accelerator, and a lockout control was provided to enable the driver to disable overdrive and operate the transmission as a normal non-overdrive transmission. The term 'overdrive' is also used to describe a gear with a ratio of less than one e.
Vehicles with a manual transmission can often be push started when the starter motor is not operational, such as when the car has a dead battery. When push-starting, the energy generated by the wheels moving on the road is transferred to the driveshaft, then the transmission, and eventually the crankshaft.
When the crankshaft spins as a result of the energy generated by the rolling of the vehicle, the motor is cranked over. This simulates what the starter is intended for and operates in a similar way to crank handles on very old cars from the early 20th century, with the cranking motion being replaced by the pushing of the car.
Recently, many automatic transmissions have included more gear ratios than their manual counterparts. In some countries, a driving license issued for vehicles with an automatic transmission is not valid for driving vehicles with a manual transmission, but a license for manual transmissions covers both. Starting from a stationary position in a manual transmission vehicle requires extra torque to accelerate the vehicle up the hill, with the potential for the vehicle to roll backward in the time it takes to move the driver's foot from the brake pedal to the accelerator pedal to increase the engine RPM before letting out the clutch.
The traditional method of hill starts in a manual transmission car is to use the parking brake also called "handbrake", " emergency brake ", or "e-brake" to hold the vehicle stationary. This means that the driver's right foot is not needed to operate the brake pedal, freeing it up to be used on the accelerator pedal instead. Once the required engine RPM is obtained, the driver can release the clutch, also releasing the parking brake as the clutch engages.
A device called the hill-holder was introduced on the Studebaker. Many modern vehicles use an electronically actuated parking brake, which often includes a hill-holder feature whereby the parking brake is automatically released as the driven wheels start to receive power from the engine.
The synchronized down shift rev-matching system is a computer-controlled technology that mimics the manual rev-matching technique. Some trucks have transmissions that look and behave like ordinary consumer vehicle transmissions—these transmissions are used on lighter trucks, typically have up to 6 gears, and usually have synchromesh.
For trucks needing more gears, the standard "H" pattern can be complicated for some truck drivers, so additional controls are used to select additional gears.
The "H" pattern is retained, then an additional control selects among alternatives. In older trucks, the control is often a separate lever mounted on the floor or more recently a pneumatic switch mounted on the "H" lever; in newer trucks, the control is often an electrical switch mounted on the "H" lever.
Multi-control transmissions are built in much higher power ratings but rarely use synchromesh. Although there are many gear positions, shifting through gears usually follows a regular pattern. For example, a series of up shifts might use "move to splitter direct; move to splitter overdrive; move the shift lever to No. In older trucks using floor-mounted levers, a bigger problem is common gear shifts require the drivers to move their hands between shift levers in a single shift, and without synchromesh, shifts must be carefully timed or the transmission will not engage.
For this reason, some splitter transmissions have an additional "under under" range, so when the splitter is already in "under" it can be quickly downshifted again, without the delay of a double shift. Modern truck transmissions are most commonly "range-splitter". The most common speed has a standard H pattern, and the pattern from the left upper corner is as follows: R, down to L, over and up to 1, down to 2, up and over to 3, down to 4. The "butterfly" range lever in the center front of the knob is flipped up to high range while in 4th, then shifted back to 1.
The 1 through 4 positions of the knob is repeated. Also, each can be split using the thumb-actuated under-overdrive lever on the left side of the knob while in high range. The "thumb" lever is not available in low range, except in 18 speeds; 1 through 4 in the low range can be split using the thumb lever and L can be split with the "Butterfly" lever.
L cannot be split using the thumb lever in either the or speed. The 9-speed transmission is like a speed without the under-overdrive thumb lever.
Truck transmissions use many physical layouts. Transmissions may be in separate cases with a shaft in between; in separate cases bolted together; or all in one case, using the same lubricating oil. The second transmission is often called a "Brownie" or "Brownie box" after a popular brand.
With a third transmission, gears are multiplied yet again, giving greater range or closer spacing. Some trucks thus have dozens of gear positions, although most are duplicates. Sometimes a secondary transmission is integrated with the differential in the rear axle, called a "two-speed rear end". Two-speed differentials are always splitters. In newer transmissions, there may be two counter shafts, so each main shaft gear can be driven from one or the other countershaft; this allows construction with short and robust countershafts, while still allowing many gear combinations inside a single gear case.
Heavy-duty transmissions are mostly non-synchromesh. Sometimes synchromesh adds weight that could be payload, and is one more thing to fail, and drivers spend thousands of hours driving so can take the time to learn to drive efficiently with a non-synchromesh transmission. Float shifting also called "floating gears" is changing gears without disengaging the clutch, usually on a non-synchronized transmission used by large trucks. Since the clutch is not used, it is easy to mismatch speeds of gears, and the driver can quickly cause major and expensive damage to the gears and the transmission.
Heavy trucks are usually powered with diesel engines. Diesel truck engines from the s and earlier tend to have a narrow power band, so they need many close-spaced gears. Starting with the Maxidyne , diesel truck engines have increasingly used turbochargers and electronic controls that widen the power band, allowing fewer and fewer gear ratios. As of , fleet operators often use 9, 10, 13, or speed transmissions, but automated manual transmissions are becoming more common on heavy vehicles, as they can improve efficiency and drivability, reduce the barrier to entry for new drivers, and may improve safety by allowing the driver to concentrate on road conditions.
Manual transmissions are lubricated with gear oil or engine oil in some vehicles which must be changed periodically in some vehicles, although not as frequently as the fluid in an automatic transmission.
Gear oil has a characteristic aroma because it contains added sulfur-bearing anti-wear compounds. These compounds are used to reduce the high sliding friction by the helical gear cut of the teeth this cut eliminates the characteristic whine of straight-cut spur gears.
On motorcycles with "wet" clutches clutch is bathed in engine oil , there is usually nothing separating the lower part of the engine from the transmission , so the same oil lubricates both the engine and transmission. Jump to content Navigation. Help Learn to edit Community portal Recent changes Upload file. Download as PDF Printable version.
In other projects. Wikimedia Commons. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Go to top. Contents move to sidebar hide. Article Talk. Read Edit View history. More Read Edit View history. Motor vehicle manual gearbox; stick shift. Non-synchronous "crash" gearbox; with sliding-mesh design. Used in older vehicles. Main article: Non-synchronous transmission. Main article: Clutch. Main article: Gear stick. Main article: Overdrive.
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Automatic transmission Diesel—electric transmission Freewheel Gear train Non-synchronous transmission Overdrive mechanics Preselector gearbox Torque converter Transmission mechanics.
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Truth be told, manual-transmission cars are a rare breed these days. While your average commuter will hardly appreciate it, there are still purists that prefer the stick shift for its simplicity and engagement. Here is a complete list of all the model year manual-transmission cars, trucks, and SUVs. Jump to the bottom if you just want the raw list without the specifics. After a year hiatus, the Acura Integra has returned and kept some semblance of its high-performance roots with a rev-happy horsepower 1.
Exclusive to the ranging topping A-Spec performance package is a rev-matching six-speed manual that is always spot-on the money with every gear change. The newest generation of the M2 built on the G87 chassis is once again intended to provide maximum performance. It has a more distinctive appearance, a specially tuned chassis, and a twin-turbocharged inline-six tuned to horsepower.
Staying true to its performance values, the M2 has rear-wheel drive and a standard six-speed manual gearbox. That said, BMW configures the M3 sedan with a 3. The rear-wheel-drive sedan boasts a 3. In previous years, BMW offered more options for manual transmissions in its 4 Series lineup. Unfortunately, the G82 platform has reduced offerings with a stick shift. But not all is lost. One model retaining the manual option is the M4 coupe, which can be ordered with a six-speed.
The CT4-V is a striking sports sedan that can be outfitted with a six-speed manual. Under its hood, the rear-wheel-drive sedan is powered by a 3.
Cadillac, in an interesting appeal to manual enthusiasts, markets the CT4-V Blackwing as a sedan that is engineered to perform both on the track and as a daily driver — and look good doing it. This slightly larger sedan gets outfitted with a 6. And you get hands-on control of all those ponies with a six-speed manual.
Chevy offers a manual transmission with every Camaro engine choice. Whether you opt for the horsepower 2. And the lightning-fast supercharged LT4 found in the ZL1 will blast to 60 in just 3. If you want plenty of ponies under the hood, the Camaro is one of the best manual-transmission cars for you.
Unlike other carmakers that limit the manual to the lower trim level, the manual is available across all grades. Stellantis, the parent company of Dodge, confirmed that the model year will be the final one for the current Dodge Charger and Challenger models. That Hellcat will get you to 60 mph in the 3-second range and to mph in just over 7 seconds — but only on a racetrack, of course. We hear they can do some sweet burnouts , too. None of the AWD models can be had with the stick shift.
And like any good performance car, it can be shifted manually in every Mustang, coupe, and convertible alike. This means that the rev-matching Tremec six-speed manual is available with either the turbocharged 2.
The all-new, seventh-generation Mustang goes on sale in the U. And like any good muscle car staying true to its heritage, a manual is available. Such is the case, you can still get a stick shift in the Mustang GT coupe or convertible.
The rev-matching six-speed manual pairs up with the new 5. And luckily for , you can opt for either a manual in the Civic Si or the Civic Hatchback. If a proper trunk is your preference, both Si and Si HPT outfit the sedan with a light-shifting, rev-matching six-speed manual.
The all-new Honda Civic Type R gets its giddy-up and go from a horsepower 2. The previous generation Type R is a car that people will still hold dear to their hearts, but this latest generation generates new excitement with added power and a look that is much more elegant. Overall, it has a smoother, cleaner appearance, with the rear wing taking on a more refined and less aggressive look.
This leaves the Hyundai Elantra N sedan as the lone wolf with a third pedal. The N Line trim package comes standard with a six-speed manual transmission that has rev-matching. The 2. Plus, with a spacious interior, a few sport upgrades, and N Drive Mode with launch control , the Elantra N delivers on all fronts. Nearly all versions, from the basic Sport package to the off-road-capable Rubicon model, feature a manual gearbox with short initial gear ratios.
All include a rugged part-time 4WD system with a low-range transfer case, making them one of the more versatile models of the manual-transmission cars.
The much-adored SUV is available in two- or four-door variants and is extremely capable off-road, especially when modified with some quality off-road parts. Literally, the last Kia sedan for the U. The GT Manual does justice with a 1. It also comes with larger front disc brakes and a free-flowing exhaust system, making this a spunky sedan. A horsepower supercharged V6 delivers power to the rear wheels via an available manual gearbox and a limited-slip differential.
Drawing inspiration from the Evija hypercar, it also has a lightweight composite body and a host of other goodies to make it a bantamweight street fighter, typical of the Lotus tradition. Undeterred by the waning interest in stick shifts, the Mazda3 hatchback continues to offer a six-speed manual — but only in the Premium trim level.
A modern classic, the fourth-generation MX-5 Miata is a living legend among sports cars. While not the fastest, this convertible is one of the most fun cars available, especially for the money. Like any classic sports car, a manual gearbox is standard fare. Power is sent to the rear wheels via a sewing-machine-smooth 2. The MX-5 is available with a manually folding soft top or a power-retractable hardtop. Not every MINI model is offered with a manual, but you do have two stick shift options in the lineup.
The six-speed manual is restricted to the horsepower Cooper S trim, but antics abound despite not having the option to manually change up the gears in the more powerful John Cooper Works ALL4 model. This tradition continues with the Nissan Z. From the sleek styling to the rumored mph time, this sports car is slated to come with a twin-turbocharged V6 engine mated to that coveted six-speed manual transmission.
The subcompact Versa underwent a refresh for but retains its original powertrain. The five-speed manual transmission is still standard, although only in the base-level S model. The Versa has a horsepower 1. Nissan boasts that the Versa features the most standard safety technology in its class and can net up to 35 mpg on the highway. The mid-engine Porsche variants include Boxster and Spyder convertibles and the Cayman hardtop.
The entry point is a horsepower 2. Sports car enthusiasts with expensive taste should step up to the range-topping GTS models.
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